A trading model and security regime for mobile e-commerce via ad hoc wireless networking

Ad hoc wireless networking offers mobile computer users the prospect of trading with others in their vicinity anywhere anytime. This thesis explores the potential for developing such trading applications. A notable difficulty in designing their security services is being unable to use trusted parties. No one can be guaranteed present in each ad hoc wireless network session. A side benefit is that their costs don't have to be paid for. A reference model is defined for ad hoc m-commerce and a threat model is for- mulated of its security vulnerabilities. They are used to elicit security objectives and requirements for such trading systems. Possible countermeasures to address the threats are critically analysed and used to design security services to mitigate them. They include a self-organised P2P identity support scheme using PGP cer- tificates; a distributed reputation system backed by sanctions; a group membership service based on membership vouchers, quorate decisions by some group members and partial membership lists; and a security warning scheme. Security analysis of the schemes shows that they can mitigate the threats to an adequate degree to meet the trading system's security objectives and requirements if users take due care when trading within it. Formal verification of the system shows that it satisfies certain safety properties

Review of Ad Hoc Networks scenarios and challenges in years 2015-2019

A Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) protocol performance analysis depends on the type of simulation tools, mobility models, and metrics used. These parameters\u27 choice is crucial to researchers because it may produce an inaccurate result if it is not well chosen. The challenges researcher is facing are on the choice of these four parameters. Our survey shows an inclination to used Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector routing (AODV) for performance comparison and enhancement of it by the researcher. Network simulation 2 (NS2) was the most selected tool, but we observe a decline in its utilization in recent years. Random Waypoint Mobility model (RWPM) was the most used mobility model. We have found a high percentage of the published article did not mention the mobility models use; this will make the result difficult for performance comparison with other works. Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End to End Delay (E2ED) were the most used metrics. Some authors have self-developed their simulation tools; the authors have also used new metrics and protocols to get a particular result based on their research objective. However, some criteria of choosing a protocol, metrics, mobility model, and simulation tool were not described, decreasing the credibility of their papers\u27 results. Improvement needs to be done in the Ad-hoc network in terms of benchmark, acceptable scenario parameters. This survey will give the best practice to be used and some recommendations to the Ad-hoc network community

The Enforcement of Halal Compliance by Authorities in the Halal Industry

Halal Industry market has a very great potential in the future to provide the goods and services for both domestic and international. However there was a lack of understanding and knowledge about mechanism enforcement among consumers. The objective of this research is to examine the implementation and practices the enforcement of halal compliance by halal authority.. From a qualitative approach, data is collected through semi-structured interviews with the halal authorities. The results can analyze the mechanism empowered by halal authorities. It is hoped that the research could educate the consumer knowledge on the mechanism of halal enforcement. Keywords: Halal enforcement, Halal compliance, Halal authority, Halal Industry eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI7.382

Elemen multimodaliti dalam karya kartun menerusi mod linguistik dan mod visual

Dalam kartun, makna dan mesej dihasilkan sama ada melalui dua mod semiotik, iaitu lisan dan visual atau semata-mata melalui mod visual.  Interaksi antara bahasa dan imej kartun sering dianggap sebagai cara yang langsung dan mudah diproses untuk menyampaikan mesej. Kajian ini bermatlamat untuk menunjukkan bahawa makna dan mesej kartun tidak selalu mudah untuk difahami sepenuhnya, oleh sebab itu pembaca harus memerhatikan maklumat bahasa dan visual bagi setiap kartun.  Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti mod linguistik dan mod visual yang terdapat dalam kartun bagi menyampaikan makna serta mesej yang tersurat mahu pun yang  tersirat.  Untuk tujuan ini, dua teori digunapakai; teori Sistemik Fungsional Linguistik oleh Halliday (1994) bagi menganalisis mod linguistik dan pendekatan multimodal oleh Kress dan Van Leeuwen (1996, 2006) bagi menganalisis mod visual atau imej dalam kartun. Data kajian diperoleh daripada buku kartun Usik-Usik (Koleksi Sinikal Dunia Pendidikan). Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa teks bahasa merupakan mod linguistik yang bertindak sebagai elemen multimodal yang berkesan dan menjadi pelengkap kepada mod visual yang terdapat pada karya kartun.  Seterusnya, dapatan kajian ini juga menunjukkan bahawa peranan mod  linguistik adalah untuk menyediakan konteks dalam karya kartun sebagai maklumat tambahan  supaya pembaca dapat memahami mesej yang hendak disampaikan dengan lebih jelas

Transient Axisymmetric Flows of Casson Fluids with Generalized Cattaneo’s Law over a Vertical Cylinder

Unsteady axial symmetric flows of an incompressible and electrically conducting Casson fluid over a vertical cylinder with time-variable temperature under the influence of an external transversely magnetic field are studied. The thermal transport is described by a generalized mathematical model based on the time-fractional differential equation of Cattaneo’s law with the Caputo derivative. In this way, our model is able to highlight the effect of the temperature gradient history on heat transport and fluid motion. The generalized mathematical model of thermal transport can be particularized to obtain the classical Cattaneo’s law and the classical Fourier’s law. The comparison of the three models could offer the optimal model of heat transport. The problem solution has been determined in the general case when cylinder surface temperature is described by a function f(t); therefore, the obtained solutions can be used to study different convective flows over a cylinder. In the particular case of surface temperature varying exponentially in time, it is found that fractional models lead to a small temperature rise according to the Cattaneo model

An Analysis of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientations in Predicting Malaysian Engineers’ Intention to Quit the Jobs using PLS-SEM Approach

The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) on the engineers' ITQ based on entrepreneurial orientation theory. The data were analysed using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to validate the research model and hypotheses. The findings reveal that the more IEO an organisation practices, the less likely its engineers' ITQ current jobs. Theoretically, this study extends the value of IEO components in predicting engineers' ITQ. Additional knowledge is required to incorporate the roles of IEO and engineers' behavioural expectations in order to address engineering talent shortages in a competitive labour market. Keywords: individual entrepreneurial orientation; intention to quit; engineers; entrepreneurial orientation theory eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under the responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians), and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8.392

Interactive Learning Software for Engineering Subjects Based on MATLAB-GUI

This paper presents the development and application of interactive learning software for communication engineering subjects. Currently, the software consists of two interactive communication engineering subjects; electromagnetic and digital signal processing (DSP). The software is developed using MATLAB R2014a and its Graphic User Interface (GUI). By using this software, students are able to understand the subjects well as it shows the required value automatically and it also displays the appropriate plots. This software is also suitable to be used as a teaching aid for the lecturers. The standalone program is also developed such that user does not need to install MATLAB in order to use this interactive learning software

The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientations in Talent Retention amongst Malaysian Engineers

Objective: This paper examines the linkage between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and talent retention amongst Malaysian engineers from the perspective of entrepreneurial orientation theory. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 104 engineers from private organisations in Malaysia was conducted to test the hypothesised relationships between constructs. The population comprised graduate and professional engineers who were registered under the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM).The purposive sampling method was employed for data analysis purposes. Data was analysed using partial least squarestructural equation modelling technique. Results: The results of this study indicated a significant relationship between innovativeness, proactiveness, risk-taking, and competitive aggressiveness and the intention to stay (ITS). Autonomy was found not significant in predicting engineers’ ITS the same jobs. Engineers require EO to support their freedom of ideas and thoughts to exploit opportunities, produce creativity, and solve engineering task-related problems and uncertainty situations. Implication: EO dimensions can be used to predict engineers’ ITS current employments. This study provides crucial information for the organisations and policy makers to develop mechanisms and policies to enhance the engineers’ involvement of effective EO for increasing retention behaviours and career satisfaction. As the EO of engineers’ increase, the ITS will also increase